Ecological Fallacy
The bias that may occur because an association observed between variables on an aggregate level does not necessarily represent the association that exists at an individual level.
Glossary
- Adjusted Effect Estimates
- Administrative Work (Study-Specific)
- Association
- Attack Rates
- Blinding (referred to as "masking" in Aschengrau & Seage)
- Case-Control Study
- Case Definition
- Case-fatality Ratio (Giesecke, pp.11-12)
- Causal Heuristic
- Causation
- Central Limit Theorem
- Cohort Study
- Concordant Pairs
- Confidence Interval
- Confounding
- Coronavirus
- Correlation
- Counterfactual
- Cumulative Incidence
- Descriptive Analysis
- Detectable pre-clinical phase
- Discordant Pairs
- DNA adducts
- Ecological Fallacy
- Ecological Study
- Eligibility Criteria
- Elimination
- Endemic
- Epidemic
- Equipoise
- Eradication
- Exchangeability
- Experimental Study Design
- External Validity (generalizability)
- Gold standard
- Group-Level Variables
- Incidence proportion
- Incubation period
- Induction time
- Informed Consent
- Intent-to-Treat Analysis
- Internal Validity
- Isolation
- Kappa statistic
- Latent period
- Lognormal Distribution
- Loss to Follow-Up
- Matching
- Matched Case-Control Study
- Modes of Transmission
- Multivariate Analysis
- Negative predictive value (predictive value negative)
- Neoplastic
- Non-neoplastic
- Observation Bias
- Observational Study Design
- Outbreak
- Outbreak Management
- Outcome
- Pandemic
- Person-Time
- Placebo Control
- Population at Risk
- Positive predictive value (predictive value positive)
- PPT (Person, Place, and Time)
- Prevalence
- Primary prevention
- Proprioception
- Quarantine
- Randomization
- Randomized Trial
- Rate Ratio
- Reliability
- Reproductive Rate
- Restriction
- Risk Difference
- Risk Ratio (Relative Risk)
- Secondary Attack Rate
- Screening
- Secondary prevention
- Selection Bias
- Sensitivity
- Source Population
- Specificity
- Standardized Incidence Ratio (SIR)
- Stratified Analysis
- Spot Map
- Surveillance
- Tertiary prevention
- Tumor registry
- Types of epidemic
- Validity
Website URL: http://epiville.ccnmtl.columbia.edu/
